Uniform design correlations for glaze ice accretion and convective heat transfer from an airfoil

Ice accretion on aircraft, wind turbine, power line and other surfaces is a significant technical challenge that often degrades the system performance. At sub-zero temperatures, precipitation can impact and freeze on wind blade surfaces causing icing challenges which diminishes system performance by creating rotational imbalances, structural vibrations, and reducing financial feasibility [1-4]. FENSAP-ICE is a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package that simulates the ice accretion process from water droplets in air impacting onto a surface. The simulation process is performed in a staged approach by predicting the air flow field, determining water impingement limits and concentrations, and using thermal properties to evaluate freezing rates and water runback. FENSAP-ICE can evaluate resulting changes of aerodynamic forces caused by the ice build-up and effectively predict ice accretion on