Listeria monocytogenes cholangiohepatitis in a lactating Holstein cow

OBJECTIVE To describe a unique presentation of systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection in a lactating adult Holstein cow. ANIMAL 3-year-old second-parity female Holstein, 200 days in milk. CLINICAL PRESENTATION, PROGRESSION, AND PROCEDURES A 3-year-old Holstein dairy cow was presented for decreased appetite, decreased milk production, and pyrexia. Blood work displayed marked abnormalities in liver-associated parameters. A diagnosis of L monocytogenes cholangiohepatitis was made following liver biopsy, histopathology, and bacterial culture. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME The cow was treated with systemic antimicrobial and antipyretic therapy. The cow was discharged to continue treatment on farm, and at time of last communication with the owner, the cow was doing very well, with full resolution of clinical signs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This case report describes a novel presentation of L monocytogenes infection in an adult bovine. L monocytogenes cholangiohepatitis should be considered a rare differential diagnosis in cattle presenting with evidence of pyrexia and liver disease.